Estudio retrospectivo de parálisis facial periférica en un hospital de tercer nivel a lo largo de 3 años / Retrospective study of peripheral facial paralysis in a tertiary hospital over 3 years

Objetivo Identificar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con parálisis facial periférica (PFP) en un hospital terciario. Método Es un estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes con PFP atendidos en un centro hospitalario de tercer nivel. Se recogieron datos demográficos, etiología, lateralidad, recurrencia, recuperación, clínica oftalmológica, severidad según la escala de House-Brackmann (HB), realización de pruebas electrofisiológicas, los servicios médicos que los atendieron, tratamiento médico y quirúrgico. Resultados Se incluyeron 283 pacientes con PFP, 135 (48%) eran varones y 148 (52%) eran mujeres (p=0,47). Todos con afectación unilateral. La media de edad fue de 54±20 años. La etiología principal fue idiopática en 215 (76%) pacientes. La mediana del tiempo de recuperación fue 7 semanas. La recuperación fue completa en 190 (67%) pacientes. Ciento setenta pacientes (84%) con PFP idiopática tuvieron recuperación completa, frente a 30 (16%) pacientes con PFP no idiopática (p<0,01). El 84% de los pacientes con parálisis grado II de la escala de HB se recuperaron completamente, mientras que con el grado VI de la escala de HB se recuperó solo el 17% (p=0,003). Doscientos veintenueve pacientes (81%) presentaron lagoftalmos. La mayor parte recibieron como tratamiento el cuidado de la superficie ocular 271 (96%) pacientes y de estos 249 (88%) pacientes recibieron corticoterapia oral. Trece pacientes (5%) requirieron cirugía oftalmológica. Conclusiones La PFP es una enfermedad que afecta a todos los rangos de edad, sin predilección por el sexo y unilateral. Su causa principal es idiopática. La recuperación es completa en la mayoría de los casos, siendo más favorable en afectaciones leves e idiopáticas. La mayoría solo requiere tratamiento médico (AU)

Purpose To identify clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with peripheral facial palsy (PFP) at a tertiary care hospital. Method This is a retrospective observational study of patients with PFP treated at a tertiary medical center. We gathered demographic data, etiology, laterality, recurrence, recovery, clinical ophthalmology, severity according to the House–Brackmann (HB) scale, electrophysiological tests, medical services attended, medical and surgical treatment. Results Two hundred and eighty-three PFP were included, 135 (48%) were men and 148 (52%) were women (P=.47). All patients had unilateral involvement. The mean age was 54±20 years. The main etiology was idiopathic in 215 (76%) patients. Median recovery time was 7 weeks. Recovery was complete in 190 (67%) patients. One hundred and seventy (84%) patients with idiopathic PFP had complete recovery, versus 30 (16%) patients with non-idiopathic PFP (P<.01). The 84% of patients with HB grade II, recovered completely, while with HB grade VI only 17% recovered (P=.003). Two hundred and twenty-nine patients (81%) had lagophthalmos. The majority received ocular surface care treatment in 271 (96%) patients and of these 249 (88%) patients received oral corticosteroid therapy. Thirteen patients (5%) required ophthalmologic surgery. Conclusions PFP affects all age ranges, without predilection for sex and unilateral. Its main cause is idiopathic. Recovery is complete in most cases, being more favorable in mild and idiopathic affections. Most only require medical treatment (AU)

Retrospective study of peripheral facial paralysis in a tertiary hospital over 3 years.

PURPOSE: To identify clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with peripheral facial palsy (PFP) at a tertiary care hospital. METHOD: This is a retrospective observational study of patients with PFP treated at a tertiary medical center. We gathered demographic data, etiology, laterality, recurrence, recovery, clinical ophthalmology, severity according to the House-Brackmann (HB) scale, electrophysiological tests, medical services attended, medical and surgical treatment. RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty-three PFP were included, 135 (48%) were men and 148 (52%) were women p = 0.47). All patients had unilateral involvement. The mean age was 54 ± 20 years. The main etiology was idiopathic in 215 (76%) patients. Median recovery time was 7 weeks. Recovery was complete in 190 (67%) patients. One hundred and seventy (84%) patients with idiopathic PFP had complete recovery, versus 30 (16%) patients with non-idiopathic PFP (p < 0.01). The 84% of patients with HB grade II, recovered completely, while with HB grade VI only 17% recovered (p = 0.003). Two hundred and twenty-nine patients (81%) had lagophthalmos. The majority received ocular surface care treatment in 271 (96%) patients and of these 249 (88%) patients received oral corticosteroid therapy. Thirteen patients (5%) required ophthalmologic surgery. CONCLUSIONS: PFP affects all age ranges, without predilection for sex and unilateral. Its main cause is idiopathic. Recovery is complete in most cases, being more favorable in mild and idiopathic affections. Most only require medical treatment.

Eyelid nodules in idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma.

Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma (IFAG) is a recently described and rare condition. It is considered a form of infantile granulomatous rosacea. IFAG with facial and eyelid nodules is very rare. A description is presented of three cases of IFAG eyelid nodules. They concern healthy children with no history of trauma. Biopsy examination revealed non-caseating inflammatory granulomas. Different medical treatments have been tried that seem to accelerate its healing, although its tendency is spontaneous resolution within several months. Painless recurrent eyelid nodules can be confused with chalazion. The diagnosis of IFAG should be considered in chronic eyelid nodules.

Acute dacryocystitis retention syndrome due to Epstein-Barr virus.

A 4 year-old boy with no previous history of eye or nasolacrimal disease was referred due to a painful mass on his left inner canthus, of three days onset, with no improvement in spite of oral antibiotics. On examination eyelid oedema with periocular hyperaemia was noted. Lacrimal sac palpation was painful and tonsillar exudation was reported. He was admitted and started on intravenous (iv) antibiotics. Four days later, lacrimal signs started to improve, but his general condition become worse. Head and neck Computed Tomography scan (CT scan) showed a left lacrimal sac enlargement, suggestive of acute dacryocystitis and swollen laterocervical lymph nodes. Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) serology and PCR testing were positive. The child responded well after eight days, and was discharged with oral antibiotics. Acute dacryocystic retention (ADR) associated with EBV was suspected. Six months later, the patient remained asymptomatic with no tearing or other lacrimal symptoms.

Síndrome de retención aguda lagrimal asociada a infección por virus de Epstein-Barr / Acute dacryocystitis retention syndrome due to Epstein-Barr virus

Varón de 4 años, sin antecedentes de obstrucción de vía lagrimal, que acude con una masa dolorosa en el canto interno del ojo izquierdo y febrícula de 3 días de evolución, sin mejoría con antibióticos orales por lo que se ingresa para estudio y tratamiento. En la exploración presenta edema palpebral con hiperemia periocular, dolor a la palpación del saco y exudado amigdalar. Se administran antibióticos por vía intravenosa. Tras 4 días de ingreso, el cuadro lagrimal mejora, empeorando el estado general con aparición de adenopatías cervicales. La tomografía computarizada órbito-cervical refleja un aumento del tamaño del saco lagrimal izquierdo compatible con dacriocistitis aguda y adenopatías cervicales. Serología y PCR positivas a virus de Epstein-Barr (VEB). Es dado de alta por resolución del cuadro a los 8 días con antibioterapia por vía oral. Se diagnostica de síndrome de retención aguda lagrimal asociado a VEB. A los 6 meses, continúa asintomático sin lagrimeo (AU)

A 4 year-old boy with no previous history of eye or nasolacrimal disease was referred due to a painful mass on his left inner canthus, of 3days onset, with no improvement in spite of oral antibiotics. On examination eyelid oedema with periocular hyperaemia was noted. Lacrimal sac palpation was painful and tonsillar exudation was reported. He was admitted and started on intravenous antibiotics. Four days later, lacrimal signs started to improve, but his general condition become worse. Head and neck computed tomography scan showed a left lacrimal sac enlargement, suggestive of acute dacryocystitis and swollen laterocervical lymph nodes. Epstein Barr virus (EBV) serology and PCR testing were positive. The child responded well after 8days, and was discharged with oral antibiotics. Acute dacryocystic retention associated with EBV was suspected. Six months later, the patient remained asymptomatic with no tearing or other lacrimal symptoms (AU)

Nódulos palpebrales en el granuloma aséptico facial idiopático / Eyelid nodules in idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma

El granuloma aséptico facial idiopático (GAFI) es una entidad recientemente descrita y poco frecuente. Se considera una forma de rosácea granulomatosa infantil. Es menos frecuente el GAFI con nódulos faciales y palpebrales asociados. Describimos 3casos GAFI que presentan esta asociación. Son niños sanos sin ningún antecedente traumático. El examen de la biopsia realizada en uno de los pacientes reveló granulomas inflamatorios no caseificantes. Se han ensayado distintos tratamientos médicos que parecen acelerar su curación, aunque su tendencia es la resolución espontánea en el plazo de varios meses. Los nódulos palpebrales indoloros de repetición se pueden confundir con el chalazión. Debemos pensar en GAFI ante nódulos palpebrales de larga evolución (AU)

Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma (IFAG) is a recently described and rare condition. It is considered a form of infantile granulomatous rosacea. IFAG with facial and eyelid nodules is very rare. A description is presented of 3cases of IFAG eyelid nodules. They concern healthy children with no history of trauma. Biopsy examination revealed non-caseating inflammatory granulomas. Different medical treatments have been tried that seem to accelerate its healing, although its tendency is spontaneous resolution within several months. Painless recurrent eyelid nodules can be confused with chalazion. The diagnosis of IFAG should be considered in chronic eyelid nodules (AU)

Eyelid nodules in idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma. / Nódulos palpebrales en el granuloma aséptico facial idiopático.

Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma (IFAG) is a recently described and rare condition. It is considered a form of infantile granulomatous rosacea. IFAG with facial and eyelid nodules is very rare. A description is presented of 3cases of IFAG eyelid nodules. They concern healthy children with no history of trauma. Biopsy examination revealed non-caseating inflammatory granulomas. Different medical treatments have been tried that seem to accelerate its healing, although its tendency is spontaneous resolution within several months. Painless recurrent eyelid nodules can be confused with chalazion. The diagnosis of IFAG should be considered in chronic eyelid nodules.

Visual Impairment Due to Lissencephaly.

Lissencephaly is a rare disorder due to abnormal neural migration, causing neurological impairment and clinically characterised by mental retardation and epilepsy. Any disturbance of the visual pathway can cause loss of vision. The authors describe a case of a 6-year-old boy referred to the ophthalmologist presenting poor bilateral vision. This child had no other known medical conditions, and neurological examination was completely normal. Only when a magnetic resonance imaging was made that a lissencephaly-pachygyria with band heterotopia mostly occipital was noted. Cortical defects should be considered in order to diagnosis some visual defects in children.